Gear element



June 3, 1947. N. NREYKO 2,421,463

GEAR' ELEMENT Filed June 1, 1944 2 sheets-sheet 1 @en graffi/715 (27d/e.

June 3, 1947.

N. NOREYKO GEAR ELEMENT Filed June l, 1944 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented June 3, 1947 GEAR ELEMENT Nicholas JNoreyko,'fDetroit,: Mich.,. assignor :to

Eaton Manufacturing t Mich.

Application. June '1, 1944,*Seral No. A538,300

Achims. (c1.` .r4-:462)

'This ^inventionvrelatesto gearY elementsl and particularly to those of a type applicable for'use in internal-external gear type fluid lpumping mechanism. Y It is -furtherlimited -to -that type-of such mechanisms in which fthe inner gear element has one less tooth division than vthe outer gear element, is-mounteddeccentrically with respect to the outer gear element and -the tooth curvatures are such thatf the teeth of the inner gear element maintains substantial contact with the teeth of the outer gear element over a major if not the entire rotational position thereof so as to provide a plurality of pumping chambers between the cooperating element which chambers increaserin volume in Vthe `direction-of rotation fromsthexposition of fullmesh between the `teeth of the elements 'to. theposition of `open mesh thereof and decrease fin volume;` from the 4latter positionto the formerfposition in ythe direction of rotationaof theelements.

Various Y forms of tooth .fcurvatures r have v heretofore lbeen proposed for -iuse'in this-general `tyfpe of construction vlout-.it is believed .that the tooth curvature provided in accordance with the -present invention zprovides. a ,superior type-of engagement between the iteeth both from the standpoint of wear-and noise,` .itprovides atype of `tooth curvature thatmaybe .readily and simply/determined by. alayout .on adrafting board and which maybe readily machined.

.In `accordance 4with the .present vinvention `cooperating .gear elernents lof any desired numberI of teeth in excess of .twomay be provided the only requirement being, of course, that the nnergear element Ahave one less tooth division or one less tooth than the outer gear element. VFor the .purposes of illustration aso-called 6i7 pair ,of such elements is illustratedin the drawingsgthemethod therein disclosed being capable of adaptation by those skilled inthe art to similar gear elements vhaving diiierent numbers of teeth.

Referring now to .the drawings in whichlike numerals refer to like parts throughout the ,several different views,

Fig. 1 is an end elevational View of a pariof gear elements of the type described and constructed in accordance with'the present invention;

Fig. 2 is aflayoutillustrating thefmethod and manner of ldetermining thecurvature of the teeth for the gear orirotortelements shown in Fig. l1; and

Fig. 3 is a more .oriless'l'dijagrammatid perspective and partially broken View illustrating a form oftzapparatusbymeans of twhich therinner rotor or Vgear-element showninlFig 1 may be accurately machined to the desired externalcontour.

Referring to Eigs 1 a pair of vcooperating gear or rotor elementslof vthe-typedescribed:is shown as comprisingfan.innertgear element indicated generallyat l0 and an encompassing outergear element'gindicatedrgenerally at..|2. The inner gear element I0 is showrLas having six equally angularly. .spaced .teeth `I4 Von its .periphery .and the outer-geanelement Il)` is shown as beingprovided. `with..seven equally -angularly spaced Vinwardly,proj&.0tiI1g.-teoth IG. .The=inner gear element. 1.0. is fmounted for .rotation about an Vaxis 48 and .theoutengear element I2.mounted.for roftation...eccentrically .thereto .about .a .parallel axis 2D.

In properly designed devices of .the `type .shown and described each time a tooth of the inner rotor, such as a :toothcl in the construction shown, becomes centrally-aligned with a plane including the axes of both.. of the` rotors and on that side of the axis-20 yo f the outer rotor on which the axis I8 of the inner rotor lies, such tooth is fully engaged between a pair of teeth such as I6 of the outer rotor, while under such conditions on the `,dianzietrically opposite sideof the axes of the rotors, and where the inner rotor has an even number of-teeth as in the case shown, the crown of one of the teeth I4 on the inner rotor is jin substantial contacting relation centrally with the crown of one of the teeth 1.6 .of the outer zrotor.

. :Intermediate sthe last -two `positions described the :teeth/oftheinner and outer rotors are preferablywin. substantially contacting relationship withrespectito each-sotherregardlessofithe-.relative '.-rotata'ble positions 4-of `Ythe elements. V'The two Ielementsare, thereiore,1 in relative driving engagement with frespect--toeach other and -rotationv-:ofne.necessarily causes rotation ofthe other,` and. during :such rotation pumpingV chambers aretopened `upbetvveen the cooperating teeth ofV the velements from the full mesh position in thef'dire'ctionbf rotation, shown at the righthand :side ldir-Fig. 1, lto lthe open #mesh position shown-atthe lefthand side in Fig. 1,r and such pumping -chambersdecrease in Avolume "from the openmeshrpositionshown at'the lefthand side-in Fig.v 1,14 in Athedirectiontof- `rotation' lof the -elements,i`-to the `fullf-.rneshfshown at therighthand sidefin-Fig 1. 1 These-expanding `and. contracting pumping Jchambers :are.-made uselof by providing the two elements witha-suitable Jported :enclosure in. accordance .with .conventional practice fte provide aiiluidyzpump.

It will be appreciated from the foregoing that in order to provide cooperating rotor or gear elements of the type described having no more clearance between the cooperating teeth thereof that is ordinarily required for proper lubrication, that a generated relation of the teeth of one of the elements with respect to the teeth and tooth spaces of the other of such elements must be had except that clearance is preferably provided at the bottom of the tooth spaces of one of the elements for the purpose of receiving any foreign material that may find it way between the elements, this `being at a point where a nondriving relationship exists between the teeth of the two elements and, therefore, will not affect the proper operation thereof.

There are certain well understood relations which must exist between such cooperating rotor or gear elements and these are set forth as follows understanding that the indicated symbols refer to the indicated dimensions or other features thereof.

E=eccentricity of the axes of the two elements N1=number of teeth of the outer element Nz=number of teeth of the inner element D1=the major diameter of the inner element, that is a circle including the pits of the teeth of the inner element D2=the minor diameter of the inner element, that is the diameter of the circle including the bottoms of the tooth spaces without clearance.

D3=the minor diameter of the outer element D4=the major diameter of the outer element Likewise, R1, R2, Rs, and R4 are the radii of circles having diameters D1, D2, D3, and D4, respectively.

L=the axial length of the elements In gear or rotor elements of the type described it is desirable that the teeth of the two elements over the effective driving range between them have as flat a contactbetween them as possible, one in which the pressure angle between the teeth is as small as practical, and of such character that a minimum of slip occurs between the teeth in the driving range, these features all contributing to long life and quietness in operation of the elements. These last requirements are necessarily modied from a practical standpoint by the necessity of providing teeth on the rotor or gear elements that are practical to form commercially. For this reason it is desirable that the teeth of the outer or internally toothed rotor or gear element be of partially circular section, the teeth of the inner or externally toothed element bearing a generated relation with respect thereto. This is so as by this means a cutting element having a circular or partially circularly sectioned cutting edge may be employed for generating the teeth on the inner rotor or gear element and a readily produced form tool may be employed for forming the teeth on the outer or internally toothed element. The present invention follows this same procedure.

It follows from the above that the tooth form of internal rotor is of paramount importance and it is the object of the present invention to provide a form for the teeth of the internal rotor that incorporates as far as possible the desirable features above mentioned. In the present instance this tooth form is obtained first by providing a base circle concentric with the inner rotor element and rolling thereon a second circle, herein identied as the rolling circle, without slippage. This rolling circle is of such diameter that it will make the same number of complete revolutions on the base circle in travelling 360 around the base circle, as the desired number of teeth on the inner rotor. The path of movement of a point on such rolling circle, and spaced from the axis of the rolling circle by a distance equal to the eccentricity (3) of the two rotor or gear elements, is employed for the path of movement of the center of the generating circle employed for generating the tooth form on the inner rotor or gear element. In accordance with the present invention thel radius (R) of the rolling circle must be greater than the eccentricity (E) between the two rotor elements in order to obtain the desired tooth form. Also, knowing the ratio that obtains between the rolling circle and the base circle B (Eris where B equals the radius of the base circle) and that the radius (G) of the generating circle plus Rl-E is equal to R plus B, the values for R and B may be readily determined when D4 isiknown and G is assumed. By varying the diameter of the generating circle variations of tooth form may be obtained. Generally speaking the radius of the generating circle is of major importance inasmuch as if it is too large the teeth of the outer rotor will merge into one another, thus resulting in pointed teeth for the inner rotor which are commercially unsatisfactory. On the other hand if the radius of the generating circle is too small then an undercutting of the teeth of the inner rotor will occur in manufacture which results in a loss of the sealing engagement between the teeth of the inner and outer rotor, and the desirable characteristics ofl the construction are thereby lost. The desired value for the generating circle, of course, lies somewhere between these two limits and the particular diameter of the generating circle eventually employed will, of course, depend upon the ideas of the individual designer as to what he considers the best tooth form.

The above minimum and maximum radius or diameter of the generating circle may be determined by the following formulae where the following symbols refer to the indicated dimensions as previously noted.

B=radius of base circle R=radius of rolling circle Gzgenerating radius The formula for the minimum radius capable of being employed for the generating circle without undercutting of the teeth may then be determined by the following equation:

By means of another equation we know that iissurning.:` Re. to bel itsf. minimum.g4 vailtve.` and,. therefore; .equafhto E-wehave- RzE; ,underl which. circumstancese we obtain- The.. approximate .minimumgenerated.i radiusl mantlenbe .calculatedby substituting ther proper. Va1i1esin-.-th"e ,above equation.

To., indl the., maximum.. generating. radius capable. of'. being commercially. employable .the following formula. is.v employed;` employing.. thev samesylnbol's as previously, noted.'

By-substitutioniof the, proper Values-gior; the.iVari-. ous.`= symbols-fin 1 the` above vformulatheim'aximum radius for the. generating.; circle may. bewdeterimined-i; Howeyenand asr` indicated above; itis4 unlikely.. thateither the minimum or maximum: radius -i of.t the. generating circle employable;` and as-determinedfby the abovef formulas,w'llgbe.` emiployedi in any-caseteas: usually; anumber, of ;va1ues between these-limits will floe.A employed'ato laye,` outk a.. toothv curvefand:` that found: tol result' inxthe` besticurvaturein lView ofthe.consideration., pre-- viously. pointed-fout; willlvusually be selectedY asf the one.y for. actual:v use.V

A-.. conoreteexample of. the method' fol.- lowed.. for-'ming` |a; pair.- ofgear orrotori elements-in accordance withy the present invention.A will inthe .understanding of; the :methodfof determining. a; tooth curvature accordance, with the present invention, and,prtherefore;- is. setY out. below. Let it' be assumed;` for.V instanca: thatit-.iszdesired to form aapair ofrsuch rotors. in...which the outer: element l,has `ani-outsidediameter: ofA 1.75 thisoutside diameter vb'eing,::a limiting` factor; in thefparticula'r case-assumed;`V Letit alsobeassumedthat the; unit-.will bevoffl a .61: x .75 tooth type,V that is, the innery rotor will havesixteeth and the outer rotonwillihave seven: Also-,l let.it.be assumed, that. in the: particular case in .question the pump will` be required'to .pump-a pressure -of., several.. hundred.- pounds per square inch and .forthis reason the minimum radial .xwall thickness. of the outer -rotorrequiresf.tlrattitnloer atleast'. tot an inch-.which is the-vradialrdistancemeasured. betweenfthebottom .ofa. tooth curve .of. the... outerA rotorA` and its peripheryfiv It will, therefore, .be appreciated..thattDa the! major.

diameter (D4). of. thev outer,` rotor.v will` be 1.75 2 0.218'7'5" or 1.3.1251'. According. to'v Formula. 1. and employing thevalue for. De thus obtainedlwehave Ther" principal'xd-inciensions: ot s the` two elementsl thuszf being; determined, .it is 1 next;A necessaryl to i determine the. shapei oi.: thelteetht thereof. cordinfglyi: knowingethatiins'. accordance. with-ther present inventiontthe.` path? ot? the center'fof-' the A circularlys sectionedi generating tool WillE followA theapath" off a1.p,oint on.'` atcirclefrolling aboutv a1- base-scirclei.concentric with'rthe innerL rotore andi l L. plus thelradiusiof-"thebase circler` (B) i It isa-lso@ known' that therratio Tbetween thembasef circl'fand the rolling-circle is-equalto- -the-number'of 'teeth'- onithe' inner rotor so thatf.

B; g 'Rf By. `laying-nuttliefrneri-or1 circle of? the outerr' rotor` andidividing.. it .uprint equal; angular segments equalfirrf` number; `to thefnumberf offi desirediteethl onth'efzouter:rotor, .and fknowingathat..these'teeth1 will:A bei-:of: partiailyfcircular section and .ot such Y diamfetcifthat their:circ1es.wi1l .not-iintersectieach.

otherA (the :lattervso that'tlie teeth'- ofz' the inrnferv rotorw-ill .havefanianpreciable width atth'eirftips) aetentativevradiusfor thegencre-ting.` circle mayy bef assumed:

Eorvthepurposes ofiexplanation withv the-prin'- cipal dimensionsofthestwo rotor or gear elementsas above determined let it be assumedfthatlafgenr erating; radiusiofn 0.1250. is..=rst; assumed."V Then in. accordance.- ywith the above! formula i Substituting RX 6 for B-we 'have Ifldesired'fformulae numbers` and 9S-may then be;A employed.y to determine if the Value of G- is- Within-.the vperrnissible limits -determined thereby and ifzsogaasamay'beassumed here., then the shape of; thestoothii mayrb'e found .by the method shown i nfFggZ...

Referring nowrto'zf-Figf. 2Jtit will berst-under stood-that nlayingsouta tooth curvature accordance-.with the present-invention the values foundizgas: abovev stated are laid out on a drawingand,., Where: necessary; as in the case off small rotors-ofthessizesfaboveassumed yan'cl'determined; several times sizefso that; an .accurate visual de-A termination. of the toothcurvature may-be obtained; For instance, in1=the particularfcase under considerationit may be assumed :thatthe di mensionsf:may.` be: employed at ten times their Value f-so @that :in fmakingsthelayout andlparticw larlyi when .employing the: values` obtained v1undertheeconcrete example above. assumed' itwill be understood that in applying such lval-iiestoaedeHV 'lxrscriptioniiniFigi 2ten-times; or: some-otherfmulradius equal to B. The center of the rolling circle is thereupon located on the axis YY at a point above the intersection of the base circle with the axis YY equal to R and the rolling circle is thereupon struck about such axis, it being tangent to the base circle under such circumstances,v as shown. A second circle is thereupon struck about the axis of the rolling circle and with a radius equal to E. This last circle will always be smaller than the rolling circle in accordance with the present invention. If it is desired, in laying out the tooth curvature, that the crown of one of the teeth I4 of the inner rotor IIJ is to lie centrally on the axis YY, the center of the generating circle, when its center is on the axis YY, will be at that point on the axis YY where the circle with the radius E intersects the axis YY radially outwardly of the center of the rolling circle from the center I8, namely at the point P in Fig. 2. As previously explained, it will be the path of movement of the point P, as the rolling circle rolls about the base circle without slippage, that will determine the path of movement of the center of the generating circle for the teeth I4 of the inner rotor.` With this in mind it is, therefore, necessary to determine the path of movement of the point P as the rolling circle rolls about the base circle, and although various methods may be employed for this purpose the method followed in Fig. 2 is-as described below.

First, knowing that each half of each tooth I4 and the tooth spaces between the teeth of the inner rotor I will be identical throughout and that it is, therefore, only necessary to determine the form of one-half of a tooth and one-half of a tooth space, an angle A is laid oir from the axis YY about the center'l as indicated, which angle A is equal to the angular extent of one-half of one of the teeth I4 in one-half of the adjacent tooth space. As will be appreciated, the angle A will equal 360 divided by twice the number of teeth selected for the inner rotor, in the particular case under consideration as an example, 360 divided by 12, or 30. The angle A is then subdivided by a plurality of equally angularly spaced lines L which are extended into intersectingrelationship with respect to a circle C struck from the center I8 and having a radius CR equal to the olis-v tance between the center of the rolling circle .R

and the point I8, such circle thus representing segments as the angle A is divided by the lines L.

This is done because we know that the point P will travel 180 about the center of the rolling circle s as the center of the rolling circle travels aboutv the base circle through the angle A. I The points f of intersection of the lines L with'the circle C represents successive positions of the center of the rolling circle as it rolls on the base circle through the angle A and the successive positions of the point P corresponding therewith may bel determined as follows.

When the rolling circlerollsv from the 'position tion about the base circle until its center'will have moved through the rst subdivision of the angle A, its centerline will lie on the point N which is .the .point of intersection of the first line L to the right of the axis YY with the circle C. During this movement the point P will have rotated about the axis of the rolling circle through an angular distance represented by the angle between two adjacent lines M, so that if a line such as O1, parallel to the rst line M from the axis YY above the center of the rolling circle, is laid out through the point N and an are is struck from the point N with a radius equal to E, and in the same direction from the point N as such first line M extends from the center of the rolling circle, it will intersect the lines O1 at a point P1 which thus represents the corresponding position of the point P when the rolling circle has rolled u-pon -the base circle a `corresponding extent.

Similarly if another line such as O2 parallel to the second line M in a clockwise direction from the point P is laid out from the point of intersection of the second line L with the circle C, in a clockwise 'direction from the axis YY, and an arc of a radius equal to E is struck from such point of intersection, it will locate the point P2 which is the position of the point P which corresponds withv the corresponding position of the rolling circle on the base circle. This same procedure, namely laying out a line through each point of intersection of each line L with the circle C, .parallel to the corresponding line M, and striking off an arc having a radius E from such point of intersection, is continued until the corresponding position of the point P for each of such positions isv acceptability, that is whether it has a ldesirable thickness at the crown thereof, whether it provides a suniciently great degree of curvature over those portions thereof through which it will give or take its driving movement (to insure good wearing qualities), and whether the curvature thus provided does or does not establish an unduly high pressure angle between it and the teeth of the cooperating outer rotor. If upon such inspection it appears that the form is lacking in any one or more of the above described features a new layout may be made with a different radius of curvature for the generating circle and the above described process repeated, until a tooth form having the desirable, or at least acceptable, characteristics is obtained.

While in the broader aspects of the invention once the tooth curvature as above explained has been determined and found satisfactory a form tool of such shape may be produced and employed in a well known manner for duplicating such curvature on the teeth of an inner rotor element, such procedure would be inadvisable both from a standpoint of difficulty-in accurately repro? .bf such rotorl elements. This brings up the point ta'lialres f of the desirability tof "employing fa circularly4 sectioned tooth for "the "outer rotor as -it -Will be Lappreciate-d by those *"skilledin therart that if a iforming r`toothed/ing ua jradius equal lto "G, the "radius" of `the' generating circle; is 'operativelyas- "sociated 1With'arolan'lrfor theinnerrotor, and its ,axis is caused to travel "about the -curve GP Uand l continuations"thereof-which would result by lfurthertrafcing thepath of thepoint P l'vvhilethe rolling :circle rolls completely A'about thevperiphery of the .base"circle, an innerrotor of the desired tooth '.form "andone "accuratelyformed in accordance'therewith'Will'be provided.

'To' cause `such generatingtool' to` bemovedwith its 'centerfollowing the pathGrP .and extensions thereof las described is not Yat all dilicult. 'For instance, a `cylindrical milling cutter arranged With its. axis parallel to the axis .of theinner rotor I0 vand "rotatable about its own axis may ybe mounted in operative relation with respectto a blank for such'inner rotor. The milling cutter in 'such case will of necessity be of a'radus equal to'G and will be mountedfor bodilyrotationof its `axis in a circle having a radius equal to E and Withthe center ofsuch circle spaced .from .the axis. ofthe blankbya distance .equal .to ACR. Thelnilling cutter may then berotatedabout its own axis,an`d simultaneously ".bodily Arotated in Y.a circle having .a vdiameter E.as.above.de scribed, and -the'blank'for theinnerrotor lllmay be simultaneouslyrotated, .Insuch case the millingcutter Will Abelbo'dily rotatedi-aboutfits bodily rotatable .axis that .many .times i. as `fast. as -the rotation .of .the blank as '.the .desired number of teeth -on Vthe '.innerrotor, Athe `result beingvthat the Iaxis of rotation of the millingcutterfwill folloW apath equivalent .in all respecter tothe. curve GT and.continuations-thereof as. abovedescribed. Relative. .movement between. theaxis of bodily-or eccentriomovement .of theimilling` cutterf-and the centerof .the-blankmay be varied in actual-practice .in order .to .take successive :cuts fromthe blank. andr until theexact major diameter 'determined for the` inner rotor. is reached, .upon-'Which the. rotor .will beformed.inexact accordancewith thatidetermined `bythe layoutaforesaid.

.On the other hand a ,grinding .wheelmaybe arranged with itsA axis perpendicular to the axis of: rotation` yoi:".-theb1ank, its periphery-.dressed vto the radiusrof thefgenenating: circlezorG; and relative y rotation vand :bodily `shiftable movement effected -between fthe .blank l:and the `Wheel to ',obtain.the=sameresult. -In this last Acase,'hovvever, it will tbe4v appreciated that during f the operation it will be necessary to effect relative'feeding movement .between thewheel and the blank axially of the blank in order to bring the peripheral surfaces 'of 'the blank -intoparal1elism with its. axis. Apparatusr for .carrying out the-last-'described method is illustrated 1inatmore yorless diagrammatic representation of a machine in Fig. 3.

Referring now to Fig. 3, the inner rotor,:as in theprevious'views, is illustrated at I0 and iaslbeingaprovided--with six teeth I4. It' is shown'suitably-and concentrically mounted .upon the end of a spindleor` arbor 4U. :The spindlei'or arbor-R40 is rotatably.mounted in` a bushing'or sleeve 242 which in turn is rotatably supported in a suitable xed support 44. The spindle or arbor 40 is not centrally mounted in the bushing 42. Rather it is eccentrically mounted therein, such eccentricity being equal to the eccentricity E which has been determined for the set of rotors in Which the particular rotor l0 being operated upon,

ufo `f`ormsa' part. inthel` present caseandin 'accord- "ance with the example previously given such ec- "cen'tricity Wouldbe OL082.jas-vvi1l be appreciated. 'Rotation 'is imparted to the mandrel .or spindle 40"from a shaft"4`6 rotatably mounted infarsuitable support 48 yanddriven'by an 'electric motor E'B through an '.Cldham couplingLindicated generally 'at 52 which Vtherebypermits "the shaft '416 'to turn .about afixed axis vand themandrel 'or .spindle "4.0 "toturn about an axis eccentric Ito. its

own axis.

-It 'will be. appreciated'that in the,V particular apparatusshowmit is the blank'fortherotor '|10 thatis caused to'travel bodily aboutthe circle of a radiusEWith respect to the cutting ltool, .the cuttingLtool remaining at aiixed distance, atleast during each cut, with respect'toythe center about which Ltheblank .is bodily *and .eccentricallyrotated. For thisreason it-is .necessary thatlthe sleeve or 'bushing `42 `in which the xmandrel .or spindle 40 .is eccentrically mounted Nbe rotated through the ,same number of complete revlution 'ofthe'blank'for the rotor aslthefdesiredhumber of teeth on the rotor l'0,'in the. particular case .under consideration-six. 'Accordingly there is mounted lbetween the supports .'44 -and "4,8 .a shaft 54. .A `pair ofggears"56.and58.secured to thesha'ft '46 Aand '54, respectively, .serves to .drive the.shaft`54 'from the shaft 14S. .Another gear''il iixed to the shafti'flliesinmesh With--agear'EZ concentrically -I'xed to the. sleeve or bushing-42. The 4combined .ratio of the ,..pairsffgears .and '58, and .6'0 and. *62,1isfsuch, 1in ,thegparticularexample under consideration, that '.the .sleeve or bushing 142 isrotatedsix times .asiast asfthe mandrel or spindle 349. '..Thus the .blank :for the inner, rotor .I'U .is causedrtofapproach and.recede from. the surf ace` of. a. cooperating. grinding ewheel E4 fsix ltimesfduring each..complete .revolution l.of the blank forrtheinner rotor? Il).

In -the .particular .case Yshown .the .grinding Wheel '-64 is mounted about .an axis-'1&6 -Which is perpendicular to theaxisf the. mandrel.or1spin dle J4ll,its,plane .f thickness l.lies in aeplanencludingthe axis of rotation ofthe sleeve Aorbushing42, and its, periphery isdressedto a curvature indicated at 68 which is.` partially. circularin. section and "ora radius equal to thelradiusof the generating circle employed in determining vthe curvature for the.' teeth o'f therotoriblank :being Worked upon, namely,l the radius'G. "Wheresuch agrinding wheel is employed,`it willbe appreciated, of course; thatrelative movement'between the Wheel and theworkaxially ofthe work, .that is ,in the.direction of the arrow"l0, lWillbe required .inlorder to completelynish.therotor lll being Worked upon arfdgdependingvupon circumstances, means Will necessarily .be provided "for effecting relative approach 'between .the Wheel and the workradially the Wheelfor thepurpose .of takingsuccessivecuts on the lwork or,`.in any casar for .readjustingthe relative l positions.. of the uWheelanllthe Work eac'htime the periphery ofthe v'vheelis dressed.

lItlWillrbey appreciated from the .above thatwith apparatus .of the type illustrated in Fig. 3,.thatis, apparatus .in `which equivalent movement between the. cuttingelement and the work is .provided, where the eccentricity between the equivalent of the mandrel or spindle 40 and the sleeve or bushing 42 is equal to the eccentricity (E) determined in laying out a desired form for an inner rotor, such tooth form will be accurately and faithfully reproduced.

As previously mentioned, where a generating circle has been employed as above described in laying out the tooth curvature for the inner rotor of sets of rotors or gears of the type described, the teeth of the outer rotor will be of partially circular section, the radius of curvature of which will be equal to the radius of the generating circle employed. Due to the fact that the point P which traces the path of movement of the generating circle is within the diameter of the rolling circle, the center of curvature of the teeth of the outer rotor will always lie radially outwardly beyond the major diameter of the outer rotor. The distance of thecenter of curvature of the teeth of the outer rotor having been determined, in den termining the tooth form of the inner rotor, the radial distance of such centers being similarly determined, and the number of teeth and, therefore, the angular spacing of the teeth being known, such outer rotor and the teeth therefor may be accurately laid out, the flanks of the teeth preferably being connected by surfaces such as 80 and as illustrated in Fig. 1 concentric with the axis 20 of the outer rotor, 0r equivalent surfaces, preferably but not necessarily so spaced from the axis 20 as to provide approximate contact between them and the crowns of the teeth I4 of the inner rotor when in full mesh position, thereby providing clearance at each side of the crown of the inner teeth when in such full mesh position to provide a small amount of clearance as indicated at 82 in Fig. 1 for reception of any foreign material that might find its way between the elements, thereby to prevent such foreignmaterial from becoming jammed between the teeth of the rotors in operation.

The shape, size and location of the teeth for the outer rotor having once been determined, they may be readily formed by conventional broaching operations, or other suitable or conventional machining operations, as will be readily understood by those skilled in the art.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim by Letters Patent is:

1. In tooth rotors of the class consisting of an inner and an outer rotor one mounted for rotation about an axis eccentric to the other, in which the inner rotor has one less tooth than the outer rotor and teeth of both rotors have substantially continuous contacting relation with respect to each other throughout 360 of rotation of both of said rotors, the combination with said inner rotor of teeth thereon of a cross-sectional conguration taken in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation thereof traced by arcs struck from a curve following the path of movement of a point lying within the periphery of a circle which rolls without slippage upon a circle ooncentric with the axis of the inner rotor and of a diameter greater than the major diameter of the inner rotor, and in which the diameter of the second-mentioned circle has a ratio to the diameter of the first-mentioned circle as the number of teeth on the inner rotor bears to one.

2. In tooth rotors of the class consisting of an inner and outer rotor one mounted for rotation about an axis eccentric to the other, in which the inner rotor has one less tooth than the outer rotor and teeth of both rotors have substantially continuous contacting relation with respect to each otherthroughout 360 of rotation of both of said rotors, the combination with said inner rotor of teeth thereon of a form of envelopment of arcs struck from a curve produced by a point within the periphery of a circle rolling without slippage upon a second circle concentric with the axis of said inner rotor and of a diameter greater than the major diameter of said inner rotor, said point being at a distance from the center of the first-mentioned circle equal to the eccentricity of the axes of said inner and outer rotors.

3. In tooth rotors of the class consisting of an inner and an outer rotor one mounted for rotation about an axis eccentric to the other, in which the inner rotor has one less tooth than the outer rotor and teeth of both rotors have substantially continuous contacting relation with respect to each other throughout 360 of rotation of both of said rotors, the combination with said inner rotor of teeth thereon of a form of envelopment of arcs struck from a curve produced by a point within the periphery of a circle rolling without slippage upon a second circle concentricwith the axis of said inner rotor and of a diameter greater than the major diameter of said inner rotor, said point being at a distance from the center of the first-mentioned circle equal to the eccentricity of the axes of said inner and outer rotors, and the teeth of said outer rotor being partially circular in end view and of a radius substantially equal to the radii of said arcs.

4. In tooth rotors of the class consisting of an inner and an outer rotor one mounted forl rotation about an axis eccentric to the other, in which the inner rotor has one less tooth than the outer rotor and teeth of both rotors have substantially continuous contacting relation with respect to each other through 360 of rotation of both of said rotors, the combination with said inner rotor of teeth thereon of a form of envelopment of aros struck from a curve produced by a point within the periphery of a circle rolling without slippage upon a second circle concentric with the axis of said inner rotor and of a diameter greater than the major diameter of said inner rotor, said point being at a distance from the center of the iirst-mentioned circle equal to the eccentricity of the axes of said inner and outer rotors, the teeth of said outer rotor being partially circular in end View and of a radius substantially equal to the radii of said arcs, and the second-mentioned circle being of a greater diameter than the Inajor diameter of said inner rotor whereby the center of curvature of said teeth of said outer rotor lie radially outwardly of the base of the teeth of said outer rotor.

NICHOLAS NOREYKO.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,091,317 Hill Aug. 31, 1937 2,031,888 Hill Feb. 25, 1936 1,997,228 Nichols Apr. 9, 1935 1,798,059 Bilgram et al Mar. 24, 1931 1,833,993 H111 Dee. '1, 1931 

